The contemporary feature-rich jumping saddle owes its existence to the forward-seat principles developed by Italian horseman and cavalry officer, Frederico Caprilli. This revolutionary figure staged a transformation in cross-country horse-riding and jumping techniques around the dawn of the 20th century.
Caprilli: Pioneer of the Forward Seat
In the world of horse jumping, Caprilli first made a splash in 1890 with his inaugural jumping competition victory. Three years subsequent, Caprilli partnered with Lt Pompeo di Campello to stun onlookers at the High Jump in Rome. Together, they cleared a staggering 14 m (4 ft 7 in.), at a time when the average fence stood at a modest 1.15 m (3 ft 10 in.).
It’s noteworthy to point out that during this period, James Fillis, an Englishman serving as the chief ecuyer at the Russian Imperial Cavalry School in Petrograd, greatly influenced educated riding methods. Despite Caprilli’s admiration for Fillis as an authority on High School riding, he found Fillis’ principles for cross-country riding and jumping too restraining, as they forced an artificial balance upon the horse.
The Novel Approach: Control Without Constriction
Caprilli’s ethos was built upon enabling control without stifling the horse’s natural movement. His innovative style involved maintaining a forward position consistently throughout the jump’s entire parabola, which starkly contrasted with the then standard practice of leaning back during descent.
Of course, this novel approach rendered traditional hunting saddles and cavalry officer’s saddles ill-suited. These saddles were notorious for obstructing the new riding style since their design did not permit maintaining a forward position.
Building the First Jumping Saddle
Recognising this gap, there was a clear need for a saddle specifically designed to facilitate a forward seating position. The first jumping saddle, credited to Pariani of Italy, was designed with this express purpose. Its design was soon replicated globally with varying degrees of precision and success.
In the early stages, many manufacturers were content with simply modifying existing saddle designs, creating more-forward flaps while retaining old-fashioned hunting tree structures. However, design elements, such as the pommel shape, the flat seat and the set-back bars, continued to force the rider behind the horse’s movement, defeating the purpose of enabling a forward seat.
Ultimately, profound alterations were needed. Gradually, the entire design of the jumping saddle evolved to fully align with Caprilli’s revolutionary principles. Over time, the saddle has been perfected to facilitate balance for both horse and rider and to not restrict the natural movements of the horse, marking a pivotal milestone in equestrian sport gear design.
Jumping Saddle Stirrup Bars
Jumping saddle stirrup bars serve a crucial role in maintaining the rider’s weight squarely over the horse’s moving center of gravity throughout the jump. Due to their unique function, these stirrup bars are designed and fitted differently from those found in other saddle types.
Placement and Design for Optimal Functionality
Experts developed the stirrup bars in jumping saddles by angling the points of the tree, where the bars attach, further towards the front of the saddle. This strategic positioning keeps both bars and leathers from obstructing the rider’s thighs, ensuring a seamless experience.
Recessed and Flexible for Improved Contact
In many cases, jumping saddle stirrup bars are recessed well under the tree. This design choice further eliminates unnecessary bulk between rider and horse, fostering an unencumbered connection. Additionally, the flexibility of these points promotes closer contact with the horse, establishing optimal balance and control during the jump.
Flaps
An immediate outward distinction of saddles made for jumping from traditional saddles lies in the unique shape of the flaps. These flaps, with their distinct design elements, play a key role in accommodating the rider’s needs during jumps.
Forward-Cut for Accommodating the Rider’s Knees
Jumping saddle flaps are cut further forward than any other saddle type to comfortably accommodate the rider’s knees when they are at the correct length. Because the required riding length for jumping is considerably shorter than sports like dressage, the flaps’ design is informed by this necessity.
Designed for Active Riding, Not Endurance
Due to these specific design elements, jumping saddles tend to be uncomfortable for general riding. They’re not designed for extended periods of sitting, but rather to be ‘sat above’. This unique requirement reflects the active nature of jumping as a sport compared to general riding or endurance activities.
Large and Padded Flaps for Comfort and Security
Typically, jumping saddle flaps are large in size to prevent the rider’s legs from being pinched during a jump. Additionally, they are often padded with foam—an important feature that allows the rider to press into them with his knees for added security, facilitating high-performance jumps with confidence and ease.
Panels
Jumping saddle panels, designed to echo the shape of the saddle’s forward-cut flaps, come with their unique features. They are a defining component of the jumping saddle and have evolved over time to improve rider comfort and control.
Materials and Designs
Jumping saddle panels are consistently made from leather and typically follow the Saumur or Continental pattern. These panels traditionally include knee rolls and, in some designs, thigh rolls. The standout knee roll feature is designed to be strong and high, establishing the perfect position for the top of the rider’s thigh.
Trends: Towards Greater ‘Feel’
While panel designs have previously included thigh rolls for better leg positioning, they are slowly falling out of popularity. The modern trend emphasizes giving the rider a better ‘feel’ of the horse, enhancing the connection between rider and horse. As such, panels are now being made with fine calfskin and even bridle leather, contributing to an overall feeling of sensitivity—a much-valued quality in the jumping saddle market.
Girth Straps and Bulk Reduction
Another important feature of saddle panel design is the placement of girth straps. These straps are usually set back out of the way of the rider’s legs, where thigh rolls would traditionally be fitted. This not only improves comfort but also eliminates unnecessary bulk.
Certain designs opt for elongated girth straps fitted with a short, Lonsdale girth. Here, the flap and panel often combine, further reducing bulk between rider and horse and optimizing rider tactile sensitivity.
Seat
The seat in a jumping saddle plays a significant role. Strategically designed to be slightly longer than usual, it effortlessly accommodates the rider’s seating when short leathers are used.
Length and Design
Jumping saddle seats have a slightly longer design than normal saddle seats. This length extension is necessary due to the short leathers used in jumping saddles. These short leathers push the seat back when the rider is sitting, requiring the seat to be longer for comfortable accommodation.
Development of Jumping Saddle Seats
Historically, the majority of jumping saddles featured a conspicuous dip in the seat. However, today, especially in the United States, there’s a growing demand for Hatter seats. These ‘flat’ seat saddles, which more closely mimic the shape of a horse’s back, were designed by esteemed United States Equestrian Team (USET) show jumper, William Steinkraus. Just like with panels, the ultimate goal here is rider sensitivity and ‘feel’. Although these flat seats provide minimal assistance in securing the rider in the saddle, they are a favorite among accomplished performers due mainly to the enhanced feel they give.
Rider Comfort Considerations
To ensure optimum comfort for the rider, many jumping saddles, particularly those with deep seats, incorporate sponge rubber lining. This feature significantly enhances a rider’s comfort during their performance, providing an enjoyable ride every time.
Tree
The tree, an essential component of jumping saddles, contributes significantly to the comfort and functionality of the saddle. Although many, but not all, jumping saddles have a spring tree, its deep seat design is unfit for flat saddles.
Spring Tree Function and Benefits
The spring tree is designed to provide maximum comfort to both horse and rider when clearing fences. It allows the rider close seat contact, enabling them to utilize their seat bones to effectively drive the horse forward—an essential aspect of jumping saddles.
Cantle Shapes and Materials
Round cantles are featured in most tree patterns, but flat saddles usually have square ones. Saddle trees can be made from traditional materials like wood or modern alternatives such as glass fiber and other synthetic materials. The choice of materials depends on factors like weight and strength requirements of the specific saddle.
Size Ranges
Jumping saddle trees are available in various sizes to accommodate riders of all sizes and skill levels. Sizes range from 35 cm (15 in.)—ideal for junior riders—to larger options like 45-7 cm (18 in.) for more experienced equestrians.
Jumping Saddle FAQs
Q: How do I choose the right jumping saddle size?
A: To choose the right jumping saddle size, you’ll need to consider both your own body size and your horse’s size. Start by measuring your thigh length and comparing it to the saddle’s flap length. Also, check the saddle’s width to make sure it fits comfortably on your horse’s back. When trying out saddles, ensure that you feel balanced, secure, and comfortable.
Q: What’s the difference between a close contact saddle and a jumping saddle?
A: A close contact saddle is designed to reduce the material between the rider and the horse, allowing for increased sensitivity and leg communication. Jumping saddles, on the other hand, are specifically designed for jumping activities, featuring forward-cut flaps and knee rolls for better leg positioning. Close contact saddles are a type of jumping saddle, but not all jumping saddles are close contact saddles.
Q: Can I use a dressage saddle for jumping?
A: Using a dressage saddle for jumping is not recommended. Dressage saddles have longer, straighter flaps that restrict a rider’s leg position and movement needed for jumping activities. They also have deeper seats, which can be uncomfortable during jumping. Invest in a dedicated jumping saddle for the best performance and safety.
Q: What aspects of a jumping saddle help with jumping?
A: Key aspects of a jumping saddle include a slightly longer seat, forward-cut flaps, and knee rolls that aid in leg positioning and balance. These features are specifically designed to support the unique demands of jumping activities, allowing the rider to have better communication and control over their horse.
Q: How do I maintain and care for my jumping saddle?
A: Regularly clean your jumping saddle with saddle soap and a soft, damp cloth. Protect the leather by applying a conditioner after cleaning. Make sure to store your saddle in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Always check for wear and tear, and address any needed repairs promptly.
Q: What materials are jumping saddles made of?
A: Jumping saddles are typically made of leather, including calfskin and bridle leather. Saddle trees can be made from traditional materials like wood or modern alternatives such as glass fiber and other synthetic materials.
Q: How do I know if my jumping saddle fits my horse?
A: To check if your jumping saddle fits your horse, place the saddle on your horse’s back without a saddle pad. Ensure there is even contact between the saddle’s panel and your horse’s back. There should be adequate clearance over the horse’s withers and spine, and the saddle should not slide around when gently rocked.
Q: How often should I replace my jumping saddle?
A: The lifespan of a jumping saddle depends on its quality and how well it’s maintained. A well-cared-for saddle can last for many years. Replace your saddle if it no longer fits you or your horse comfortably, shows severe wear, or requires repeated repairs.
Q: What are some top brands for jumping saddles?
A: Some well-regarded brands for jumping saddles include CWD, Antares, Pessoa, and Stubben. Research and try out various saddles to find the one that best fits you and your horse’s needs.
Q: Are synthetic jumping saddles as good as leather ones?
A: Synthetic jumping saddles offer some benefits, such as being lightweight, lower cost, and easier to maintain. However, many riders still prefer the traditional feel, durability, and aesthetics of a leather saddle. When choosing between synthetic and leather jumping saddles, consider your budget, preferences, and intended use.
Q: Do I need a specific saddle for show jumping versus cross-country jumping?
A: While both activities involve jumping, show jumping and cross-country jumping have different requirements. Show jumping saddles often focus on a secure fit and close contact, while cross-country saddles prioritize stability and balance in various terrains. Some multipurpose jumping saddles may work for both activities, but it’s always best to try saddles specific to your discipline for optimal performance.
Q: Can I use a jumping saddle for trail riding?
A: While it’s not ideal, you can use a jumping saddle for trail riding occasionally. However, since jumping saddles prioritize aspects catered to jumping activities, they might compromise long-term comfort during extended trail rides. It’s recommended to invest in a dedicated trail riding saddle for frequent trail rides.
Q: How do I break in a new jumping saddle?
A: Breaking in a new jumping saddle involves consistent use and proper care. Begin by applying a leather conditioner to soften the leather and help it conform to you and your horse. Spend time riding in your new saddle regularly for the first few weeks, gradually increasing the riding time. Make sure to regularly clean and condition the saddle throughout this process.
Q: How much does a good jumping saddle cost?
A: The cost of a good jumping saddle can range widely, from around $1,000 to over $5,000, depending on the brand, materials, and craftsmanship. Higher-end saddles often come with premium leather and custom fitting options. However, you can find suitable and quality jumping saddles at various price points. Consider your budget and prioritize a comfortable, secure fit for both rider and horse.
Q: What’s the difference between a monoflap and a traditional jumping saddle?
A: Monoflap jumping saddles feature a single flap construction, removing the additional layer found in traditional jumping saddles. This design aims to provide improved communication and closer contact between the rider’s leg and the horse. Traditional jumping saddles, on the other hand, have a double-flap design and may offer more customization options, such as interchangeable knee blocks and girth strap positions.
