Impact of the Snaffle and Curb Bit
The double bridle is composed of two bits; the snaffle (the top round shaped bit in the photo below), and the curb, also known as the bridoon (the straight bar below the snaffle in the photo below) when used in the context of a double bridle. It’s important to understand how these bits work individually and together to control and guide a horse effectively.
The role of the snaffle bit is to elevate the horse’s head. In most scenarios, achieving any significant degree of real flexion with just the snaffle bit tends to be an exceptional occurrence. The key to gaining substantial flexion is through the use of a curb bit.
The curb bit induces flexion by applying pressure on the poll. The level of pressure exerted depends on the severity of the bit used. It simultaneously applies pressure to the chin groove by means of the curb chain. In practice, without a chain, a curb bit basically functions like a snaffle bit. The severity becomes governed only by the design of the mouthpiece and cheeks.
Composition and Function of the Double Bridle
As the term suggests, a double bridle consists of two separate bits – a snaffle and a curb. The rings of the bridoon are significantly smaller than those of an ordinary snaffle making it more direct in action. This directness is further amplified since the mouthpiece of the bridoon is thinner than that of a typical snaffle. This design allows it to fit comfortably in the horse’s mouth alongside the mouthpiece of the curb and provides a direct action control.
The bridoon plays a key role in raising and positioning the horse’s head, while the curb induces flexion to provide greater and more accurate control. Riders should manipulate these bits independently to effectively control their horses.
Parts of Double Bridle
A double bridle is a complex piece of horse riding equipment made up of various parts working together to offer the rider greater control and communication with the horse. Let’s break down the individual components to understand their roles and how they work together.
1. Headpiece
The headpiece is an essential part of the bridle running over the top of the horse’s head.
2. Bridoon Sliphead
This controls the bridoon bit, which is the smaller of the two bits in a double bridle.
3. Noseband Sliphead
This part helps in controlling the horse’s noseband.
4. Keeper
The keeper is used to hold any excess strap in place to ensure a clean, tidy appearance.
5. Bridoon Rein
The bridoon rein is attached to the bridoon bit allowing direct, light contact with the horse’s mouth.
6. Fly Link
A fly link is part of the curb chain assembly, often used with a lip strap.
7. Curb Rein
The curb rein is connected to the curb bit, which provides more significant, indirect pressure.
8. Lip Strap
The lip strap helps to keep the curb chain in the correct position.
9. Single-Link Curb Chain
This chain transfers the pressure from the curb bit to the horse’s chin groove.
10. Low-Ported Fixed-Cheek Curb Bit
A type of curb bit that is less likely to move around in the horse’s mouth.
11. Curb Rein Ring
The curb rein ring is where the curb rein is attached to the curb bit.
12. Lip Strap Ring
This ring is where the lip strap is secured.
13. Plain Curb Hook
It works with the curb chain to fasten the curb bit to the cheekpiece.
14. Loose-Ring Jointed Bridoon Bit
This is the bit that sits above the curb bit in a double bridle.
15. Nosepiece
Also known as a noseband, it gives control over the horse’s jaw and head carriage.
16. Cheekpiece
The cheekpiece connects the bit with the rest of the bridle.
17. Throatlatch
The throatlatch ensures the bridle stays in place by avoiding it from being pulled over the horse’s head.
18. Browband
The browband is designed to keep the bridle in place and prevent it from sliding back.
Pivotal Control with Double Bridle
Relying solely on a curb bit can lead to over-bending, a situation where the horse’s head is inclined at such an angle as to be behind the vertical. This position impedes the horse’s forward movement and disrupts the rider’s control. It is pivotal that a horse moves ‘up into’ the bridle, and shouldn’t shy away from or be averse to the bit or bits. The horse should flex his head at the poll to an angle where the nasal bone along the front of its face is vertical.
On the other hand, when using only a snaffle, the horse may carry its head ahead of this angle and be resistant to relaxing its lower jaw. However, a significant point to remember is when using some form of noseband fastening across the chin groove, its back strap serves like a curb strap. Hence, it produces an effect similar to a curb chain. This insight can be useful for riders looking to wield control effectively while ensuring their horse feels comfortable.
Strap Details and Configurations
The noseband sliphead and the bridoon sliphead are usually of the same width. The bridoon sliphead, however, is typically narrower than the cheekpieces of the curb. The bridoon check pieces stand out for their single buckle fastening on the offside, contrasting with the nearside fastening of the noseband. This results in a pair of buckles on each side of the horse’s face, providing a tidy and uncluttered look.
The bridoon sliphead passes through the browband loops, moving from the nearside to the offside. Here, it is positioned between the noseband sliphead and the main headpiece.
Role of the Lip Strap
A unique strap, known as the lip strap, adds another dimension to the functionality of a double bridle. This strap is of a narrow design and may either be flat or preferably, round. It attaches to small D-rings on the arms of the curb cheeks just below the mouthpiece.
The lip strap serves a dual function. Firstly, it prevents the curb chain from riding up or getting twisted. Secondly, it helps to limit the excessive movement of the lower cheeks of the curb, especially when the cheeks are of the revolving type. It also acts as a protective measure against the loss of the curb chain, marking its importance in preserving the structural integrity and functionality of the double bridle.
Types of Double Bridles
The double bridle comes in a range of forms to suit varying equestrian needs. Selecting the right type of double bridle is crucial because it determines how effectively you can guide and control your horse in various activities, be it show riding, hunting, or dressage.
Bridles for Hunting and Everyday Riding
For activities such as hunting and day-to-day hacking or other work, double bridles made of robust, thick leather are ideal. These bridles are engineered to withstand the rigors of hard ride and wear, making them durable and dependable for daily use.
Lighter Bridles for Shows
When it comes to show riding in hack or pony classes, a much lighter and finely designed bridle is more appropriate. These bridles are crafted to blend functionality with aesthetics, making them stand out in the show ring.
Bridles for Dressage
For dressage purposes, double bridles of medium weight are preferred. They strike a balance between strength and style, making them adequate for this high-demand activity. These bridles are robust enough to guide horses through the rigors of dressage, while also presenting an attractive appearance, making them suitable for showing hunters as well.
Noseband Considerations
When it comes to the choice of noseband for use with a double bridle, the options are somewhat limited. The cavesson, fastened above the bit, is the only nosed band considered permissible for use with a double bridle. So, it’s always essential to adhere to this guideline when customizing a double bridle.
Bits and Chains
The way bits and chains for a double bridle are attached and set up plays a significant role in controlling and guiding horses efficiently. They need to be adjusted correctly to allow comfortable and responsive control for both the horse and the rider.
Attaching Bits for a Double Bridle
The bits for a double bridle are attached to the bridle cheekpieces and reins similarly to snaffles. The designs featuring sewn, hook-studded, or snap-billeted patterns are among the most elegant and neat, which makes them perfect for show riding or dressage. Buckles are used in some countries, but they can sometimes appear less attractive.
Bits Adjustment and Positioning
When the double bridle bits are assembled, they should be adjusted to hang one above the other— the curb bit lies lower. The bridoon mouthpiece should just clear the curb mouthpiece, meaning it should rest just above the curb.
It’s important that the bits lie comfortably in the horse’s mouth, without causing excessive wrinkling of the mouth corners. Ideally, the bridoon just touches the mouth corners and the curb suspends just below it.
Attaching the Curb Chain and Lip Strap
The curb chain is next on the assembly process and is attached to the offside. The lip strap is threaded through the fly link situated at the back of the curb chain and is fastened loosely, also on the nearside. It’s essential to note that a double bridle should always take two reins for effective handling and control.
Frequently Asked Questions About Double Bridles
Q: What is the purpose of a double bridle?
A: A double bridle is a type of bridle used in horse riding that provides the rider with a high level of control over the horse. It includes two bits – a curb bit and a bridoon (or snaffle), allowing for more subtle communication and complex maneuvers. This type of bridle is typically used in advanced dressage or show riding.
Q: When should a double bridle be introduced to a horse?
A: A double bridle should only be introduced to a horse when they’re already comfortable with a regular bridle and have achieved a certain advanced level of training. The exact timing can vary, but it’s important that the horse is mature enough to understand and respond correctly to the subtle signals a double bridle gives.
Q: Are double bridles suitable for all horse breeds?
A: Technically, double bridles can be used with any horse breed, as long as the horse is trained and ready for it. However, it’s most commonly used with breeds that typically participate in advanced dressage or show riding, such as Warmbloods, Andalusians, or Lusitanos.
Q: Can a novice rider use a double bridle?
A: Double bridles require a high degree of skill and finesse to use effectively and correctly. Hence, they’re not recommended for novice riders. The use of a double bridle assumes that a rider has mastered basic riding skills and has a well-developed independent seat and hand.
Q: What material is best for a double bridle?
A: Double bridles are most commonly made from high-quality leather. Leather is preferred for its durability, comfort for the horse, and classic aesthetic appeal.
Q: How should a double bridle fit a horse?
A: A well-fitted double bridle should be comfortable for the horse and should not cause any unnecessary pressure points. The bridoon should sit comfortably at the corners of the horse’s mouth, and the curb bit should hang just below it. The cheekpieces should be snug but not tight, and the browband and noseband should sit in their correct positions without interfering with the horse’s eyes or breathing.
Q: Can I use a double bridle for leisure riding?
A: While you technically could use a double bridle for leisure riding, it’s not recommended. Double bridles provide a level of control and communication that’s simply not necessary for casual, leisure riding. Additionally, the double bit can be uncomfortable for the horse if not used properly.
Q: What’s the difference between a Pelham bit and a double bridle?
A: A Pelham bit is a single-bit design that attempts to combine the actions of both the curb and snaffle bit in a double bridle. It can be used with one or two reins. However, a double bridle offers more precise control, as it uses two separate bits (a curb and a bridoon).
Q: How do I clean and maintain a double bridle?
A: Like all leather horse riding equipment, a double bridle should be cleaned regularly to prevent the build-up of dirt and sweat, which can degrade the leather over time. After every use, wipe down the bridle with a damp cloth. From time to time, it also needs an application of a leather cleaner or conditioner to preserve its quality and durability.
Q: Is a double bridle necessary for dressage competitions?
A: Not necessarily. Novice and younger horses usually compete in dressage with a regular snaffle bridle. However, for upper-level dressage competitions, a double bridle might be required. It’s best to check the specific rules and guidelines of the competition you’re participating in.
Q: Can I use a double bridle without any special training?
A: Using a double bridle without special training isn’t recommended. Both the rider and the horse need to be adequately trained to use it since it requires precise handling and communication. Incorrect usage may result in discomfort or even injury for the horse.
Q: Do I need a different helmet or riding gear for a double bridle?
A: No, your riding gear or helmet does not have to change when using a double bridle. The important thing is that all your equipment, including the helmet, is suitable, fits correctly, and meets any required safety standards.
Q: How do I know if my horse is ready for a double bridle?
A: Your horse might be ready for a double bridle if they’re comfortable with a single bridle, show good balance and control, and respond well to your cues. It can also be beneficial to have a trainer or professional evaluate your horse’s readiness for a double bridle.
Q: Is a double bridle more expensive than a single bridle?
A: Typically, yes. A double bridle, due to its additional components and the level of craftsmanship required, generally costs more than a single bridle.
Q: Can the double bridle bits be bought separately?
A: Yes, they can. The two bits – the bridoon and the curb – can be bought separately from the bridle itself. This way, you can choose bits that are the best fit and most comfortable for your horse.
Q: Can kids use a double bridle?
A: The use of a double bridle depends more on the skill and experience level of the rider than their age. However, because it requires a good level of finesse and control, it’s generally not recommended for kids unless they are highly skilled and trained in advanced riding techniques.
